Factors for Political Participation

Factors for Political ParticipationThe term political participation has a precise broad meaning. It is not only related to Right to Vote but simultaneously relates to participation in decision making process, political activism, political consciousness. Women in left elected countries have higher proportion of bureau in their federal parliament than women in Canada because In Canada there is less population as compare to socialist democratic countries. Moreover, females are least interested in parliament. In democratic Female politicians are much likely to con centrate on problems that matter more to women such as daycare, gender par, reproductive rights, elderly care and childrens welfare.Women turnout during Indias 2014 parliamentary general elections was 65.63%, compared to 67.09% turnout for men. India ranks 20th from the bottom in terms of representation of women in Parliament. Not only has these women politicians taken an interest in various policy issues. But it likewis e had been shown that they also govern differently. In Sweden 45 per cent seats are occupied by women in parliament. So far as the administration is concerned, there are only 592 women IAS officers out of 4,671 officers(Puja mondal).The demand for limited concessions and privileges along with the reservation of posts and other civic institutions are a few steps towards women empowerment in India Assemblies and parliament. Lyn Kathleen shows that American female politician have very different leadership styles from men. In her study Not only do women politicians take an interest in different policy issues, but it has also been shown that they also govern differently. Since the modern notion of human rights originated in a western women in Islamic countries in particular, find themselves in a quandary when they initiate, or participate in, a discussion on human rights whether in the west or in Muslim societies. Indian women have a distinction to give out UNO Secretary (Vijay laxmi P andit), Prime Minister (Indira Gandhi), Chief Minister (Sucheta Kriplani, Jayalalitha, Uma Bharati, Mayawati and Vasundhara Raje) and even President (Pratibha Patil).Furthermore, the limited empowerment that we have seen has been nurtured within the socio-economic-political empowerment process of people, including women, by means of the Panchayat system (Bagchi 2002)StructuralStructural barriers include the level of socio-economic development in a society and the percentage of women in professional and managerial activities. there is a direct link between the social and economic status of women in society and their participation in political institutions and elected bodies. Socio-economic obstacles include penury and unemployment, lack of adequate financial resources, illiteracy and limited access to education, choice of professions and the dual burden of family and a full-time job. Women take on a disproportional deal of household tasks which makes a political career almost im possible. Moreover, household tasks, taking care of the children and elderly are not al counselings considered as effective work.Institutional structuresBecause of their multi-level hierarchy and complex decision-making help to preserve barriers in such a way that proposals regarding any aspects of gender equality often do not reach the top decision-making level.In Slovakia, the electoral system is based on proportional representation on candidates lists, which means that women have (theoretically) a better prognosis to be elected. The position of women on the candidates lists is then crucial for their eligibility the higher a woman is seeded on the list, the bigger chance she has to be elected. In the 2002 elections, the share of female candidates seeded in the top half of candidates lists was 20.9% and the share in the top quarter was 17.9 %.( Alexandra 2002). Many women and men do not think that introducing quotas is a good idea. Men argue that it would be humiliating for women to introduce a quota system because our clever women can succeed themselves, and it would be against the basic human rights and equality of all. Women are skeptical of importly because of the experience with quotas from the socialist past, and because they believe that the society is not yet prepared to accept quotas.EducationEducation is the best way to understand the inequality. With the help of education they have better job opportunity and serve better their community. Because women have less access to education than men, their professional progression and chance to enter institutions involved in corporate politics at an operative level are reduced. Some societies and parents see their role in ego-aggrandising a full quality education to women as a privilege that can be withdrawn. The impact of illiteracy on the exercising of ones political rights has been the main method to reduce it. Women do not enter nontraditional occupations instead women enter nurturing or tertiary o ccupations which inhibit political life and the growth of self confidence. There is a mindset on the part of many men and women that a role in politics is unsuitable for a woman. pauperismPoverty is also one of the major hindrances for women to be involved in politics, namely, the disproportionate effect of poverty on women. Because of womens care giving responsibilities they often work part-time, which has a lifelong effect on womens in set about and women who do work full-time still earn less than men Whereas men who enter into politics tend to come from law and business and earning better. In addition, many women are discouraged by a lack of resources to finance their electoral campaign or undertake thoughtful initiatives. Often poverty also prevents women from taking the time for political involvement.Christy Clark BC MLA(2001) asked by several Journalists to explain how she could do her job properly as bucolic minister of education while simultaneously raising a new born chil dType of democracy is also important.Referenceshttp//www.yourarticlelibrary.comhttps//www.equalvoice.caBashevkin, Sylvia (2009), Introduction, in Bashevkin, Sylvia, Women, Power, Politics The obscure Story of Canadas Unfinished Democracy, Oxford University Press, p. 15,Bagchi, A.K.(2000), sangskriti, samaj,o Arthanity (in Bengali culture, society, and economics), Calcutta.United Nations Childrens Fund, The State of the Worlds Children 2004 Girls education and development, UNICEF, New York, 2003.